SEASONS OF WAR

For as long as war has been with humanity, seasons have played a crucial role in deciding the outcome of war. Traditionally, the season for war refers to the period between spring and autumn when the ground is dry, the temperature is temperate, and there are longer daylight hours. At least, this is the case for regions of more moderate climes. Armies would find battle easier, sieges withstandable, and the need to consume food reduced during the summer compared to the winter. It alleviates not only the strain on the logistics of the theatre but also on the nation it belongs to. On the other hand, attackers were more likely to be defeated during the winter because their supply lines, which had to move with the frontlines, would be slowed down by the snow and mud, while those in the field would be more likely to suffer from ailments like frostbite and trench foot than those garrisoned in cities and forts. Therefore, armies have tended to stay within walls instead of venturing beyond them. However, it has been repeatedly demonstrated that winter attacks can succeed if two conditions are met: the attacking army must be born of the cold, and the enemy must not expect the assault. There is not one country whose people do this job better than the Rus.

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